Heat treatment is the "finishing touch" in controlling the final properties of titanium profiles. Different types of titanium alloys correspond to different heat treatment regimes:
1. Annealing: This is the most basic and widely used process. Its aim is to relieve machining stress, stabilize dimensions, adjust hardness, and achieve the desired overall properties. For (α+β) alloys (such as TC4), recrystallization annealing or double annealing can be used to obtain equiaxed or dual-phase (α+β) microstructures, balancing strength and plasticity.
2. Solution treatment and aging: Mainly used for β-type and β-rich (α+β) alloys (such as TB6, TC18). The alloy is first heated to the β phase region or (α+β) region for solution treatment, allowing β-stabilizing elements to fully dissolve, and then rapidly quenched to obtain metastable β phase or martensite. Subsequent aging at a lower temperature precipitates fine secondary α phase, achieving significant dispersion strengthening and ultra-high strength.
3. Thermomechanical treatment: An advanced process that combines plastic deformation and heat treatment. For example, deforming near the β phase region followed by rapid cooling can refine β grains; or deforming in the two-phase region followed by aging can achieve an optimal balance of strength and toughness. Precise control of heat treatment directly determines the strength, toughness, creep, and fatigue performance of the profile, which is essential for meeting extreme service conditions.
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