Product Introduction: Seamless Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Heat Exchangers and Condensers
1. Product Overview
Product Name: Seamless Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes
Material: Gr2, Gr7, Gr12
Specification Range:
Outer Diameter (D): 10 mm to 80 mm
Wall Thickness (T):
- For D > 10–15 mm: 0.5–2.0 mm
- For D > 15–20 mm: 0.6–2.5 mm
- For D > 20–30 mm: 0.6–2.5 mm
- For D > 30–40 mm: 1.25–3.0 mm
- For D > 40–50 mm: 1.25–3.5 mm
- For D > 50–60 mm: 1.5–4.0 mm
- For D > 60–80 mm: 2.0–4.5 mm
Length (L):
- For D > 15 mm: 500–4000 mm
- For D > 15 mm and T ≤ 2.0 mm: 500–9000 mm
- For D > 15 mm and T > 2.0–4.5 mm: 500–6000 mm
Standards: ASTM B338 / GB/T 3625
Minimum Order Quantity: 100 kg
2. Product Description
Titanium and titanium alloy tubes are characterized by high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and superior heat exchange performance. In recent years, they have been widely used in the manufacturing of pressure vessels for the chlor-alkali industry and chemical raw material industries, such as various pressure vessels including heat exchangers and condensers. Titanium heat exchangers are more than ten times more efficient than stainless steel heat exchangers, with significantly longer equipment service life. Seamless titanium and titanium alloy tube sheets are one of the primary pressure components in heat exchangers.
The rational design of titanium alloy tube sheets is crucial for proper material selection, cost savings, reduced processing complexity, lower production costs, and ensuring reliable operation. Although titanium remains stable in many media, it undergoes passivation in air or oxygen-containing environments, forming a dense, strongly adherent, and highly inert oxide film on its surface. This film protects the underlying titanium matrix from corrosion by isolating it from corrosive agents. With high specific strength, titanium tubes of the same wall thickness weigh less than stainless steel heat exchanger tubes. When the shell-side medium consists of medium- to low-pressure steam and the outlet is positioned high, drainage efficiency is poor. As a result, the outer surface of titanium heat exchanger tubes remains continuously exposed to medium- to low-pressure steam, leading to severe corrosion. The main components of the medium inside titanium seamless tubes include sodium chloride, urea, and potassium salts-media that are highly corrosive and prone to scaling and clogging the heat exchanger tubes.
Titanium exhibits strong corrosion resistance and excellent heat transfer performance. Due to its low wettability, liquid does not form continuous film condensation but instead forms easily detachable droplets, thereby reducing thermal resistance. Additionally, because the titanium surface resists wetting films, the adhesion of corrosion products is limited, which helps maintain a higher heat transfer coefficient, thus significantly improving heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, titanium heat exchanger tubes are an ideal choice for titanium heat exchangers.
3. Manufacturing Process
The production of titanium heat exchanger tubes is a complex and precise process, primarily divided into three stages: raw material preparation, tube fabrication, and heat exchanger assembly.
Production of titanium tubes begins with sponge titanium or sponge titanium blended with alloying elements. Electrode preparation and vacuum melting are used to cast titanium ingots, which are then processed through a series of plastic deformation steps into tubular forms. The detailed process is as follows:
Vacuum Melting: Sponge titanium or titanium alloy is melted under vacuum conditions to produce titanium ingots, ensuring high material purity.
Forging and Billet Preparation: The titanium ingot is forged into a billet suitable for subsequent processing.
Extrusion/Plug Rolling: Using extrusion or skew-rolling piercing processes, the billet is formed into a hollow tubular blank.
Cold Rolling/Drawing: The blank undergoes cold rolling or drawing to precisely control the outer diameter, wall thickness, and length of the tube, achieving the required specifications.
Heat Exchanger Assembly Process
Assembled from processed titanium tubes, heat exchangers rely on two core connection methods:
Welding Method: Currently the most widely used technique, welding ensures tight sealing under high temperature and pressure. Common welding technologies include pulsed TIG welding and vacuum electron beam welding, suitable for joining titanium tubes to tube sheets or other components.
Expansion Method: A tube expander compresses the portion of the tube inserted into the hole in the tube sheet, causing plastic deformation of the tube while inducing elastic deformation in the hole. After removing the expander, the tube sheet hole contracts, securely fixing the tube in place and achieving a sealed joint. This method requires high precision in the machining of the tube sheet holes.
4. Product Specifications
· Chemical Composition (wt %):
·Gr2
· Fe ≤ 0.30
· C ≤ 0.10
· N ≤ 0.05
· H ≤ 0.015
· O ≤ 0.25
· Ti balance
·Gr7
· Pd: 0.12–0.25
· Fe ≤ 0.30
· C ≤ 0.08
· N ≤ 0.03
· H ≤ 0.015
· O ≤ 0.25
· Ti balance
·Gr12
· Ni: 0.6–0.9
· Mo: 0.2–0.4
· Fe ≤ 0.30
· C ≤ 0.08
· N ≤ 0.03
· H ≤ 0.015
· O ≤ 0.25
· Ti: balance
· Mechanical properties:
·Gr2
· Tensile strength ≥ 400 MPa
· Yield strength: 275–450 MPa
· Elongation ≥ 20%
·Gr7
· Tensile strength ≥ 400 MPa
· Yield strength 275–450 MPa
· Elongation ≥ 20%
·Gr12
· Tensile strength ≥ 460 MPa
· Yield strength ≥ 300 MPa
· Elongation ≥ 18%
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